Development Support Learning Media Based On Android in Subject Operation System

This media designed to increase motivation and creativity of students so that students can understand the overall material provided in the subject operation system. This research used the development metode was 4D (Four D), while the 4D development procedure those were: define, design, develop, and Disseminate. Data type was primary data where the data provided by the media experts, lecturers and students. Data analysis technique used was descriptive data analysis technique those were describe the validity, practicality and effectiveness of using support learning media. Results obtained from this development research as follows; (1) The validity of support learning media expressed very valid on the media design with a value of validity was 0.828, while the materi of media was valid for a value was 0.703, (2) the practicalities of support learning media based the response of teachers after going through practical trials with a total value was 84.66%, while the practicalities of support learning media based on student response after going through the otherwise very practical trials with a total value of 87.96%.


INTRODUCTION
Educational changes create various educational innovations with the aim of improving the quality of education. Information technology as an innovation has become a necessity for the world of education [1] [2]. With the support of technology in the field of education, educators are greatly helped in efforts to improve the quality of learning. One of them is the development of technology with a high level of mobility is smartphone. Mobile technologies purvey opportunities to hold new and interesting methods of teaching and learning [3].
One of the roles of smartphones in education is the use of Android as a learning media. Android is a Linux-based operating system designed for touch screen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers [4]. Android allows users to install third-party applications, with an extensive API that includes access to phone hardware, settings, and user data [5], either obtained from application stores such as Google Play, Amazon Appstore, or by downloading and installing APK files from thirdparty sites. The characteristics of mobile devices that have a high degree of flexibility and portability, it allows students to access material, directions and information related to learning anywhere and anytime [6].
The development of learning support media on basic operating system subjects because the material in these subjects requires a strong understanding. Meanwhile, the teaching and learning process in class is fast and concise due to the limited hours of lessons, so the role of supporting media is needed so that students find it easier to study the material repeatedly. As an operating system based on a Graphical User Interface, Android can be an effective tool for students in learning operating systems. Through Android devices, students can see how the Android operating system works. So it is expected that the development of supporting media for Androidbased learning can meet the needs of students in learning material without limitation of time and place.
The research is focused on developing learning media on Android-based mobile devices that have high mobility. The material developed in mobile learning media is the subject of basic operating systems with the basic competence of installing a GUI-based information system for class X Computer Network Engineering. The expected development result is an application that is installed on an Android-based smartphone which is used as a learning support media. Which will then be assessed the level of validity and practicality of mobile learning media based on the assessment of media experts, material experts, teachers and students of class X Computer Network Engineering.

METHOD
This research was developed using the R&D (Research and Development) research method and using the Four-D Thiagarajan model [7], there are development steps as below [8] : a. Define The research implementation begins with the determination stage with the definition and definition of learning conditions. To perform a needs analysis, the process is carried out: 1) Class Observations Classroom observation activities are carried out when the teaching and learning process is in progress. Observations were made by looking at the basic operating system learning in class X TKJ students. This aims to determine the problem constraints during the teaching and learning process. What phenomena occur in the field is related to learning basic operating systems. These problems or constraints can come from students and teachers who teach basic operating system subjects. Interviews were conducted with teachers for further learning purposes of the Class X TKJ learning system and student learning outcomes. Interviews with students aimed to see student responses to the learning system operating system for class X TKJ.

2) Syllabus Analysis
Syllabus analysis is to review the existing syllabus at SMK Negeri 1 Sintuk Toboh Gadang, to find out whether the material being taught is in accordance with the expected competencies. So that the learning media developed does not deviate from the learning objectives. Before designing a learning media, the book used as a reference must have been reviewed first. This is done to find out the content of the material, how to present it, practice questions and assignments in accordance with the applicable subject syllabus. b. Design The design of the media begins with compiling the components of the media framework based on the needs analysis that has been done. The next step will be assessed the level of validity and practicality of mobile learning media based on the assessment of media experts, material experts, teachers and students of class X Computer Network Engineering. At this step an Androidbased application development the preparation of learning materials, videos, and evaluations using Adobe Flash CS 6 software. The homepage is designed to have a link to the main page. On the Main page, there are several links to other pages, namely curriculum pages, materials, exercises, dictionaries. On the curriculum page contains SK and KD subjects. The material page contains materials that will be presented in Android-based learning support media equipped with videos and images, as well as a training page containing practice questions. c. Develop The development stage is the stage to produce a product, which is carried out in steps, namely: (1) expert judgment (validation) followed by revisions, then (2) development trials with practicality testing. The goal is to produce learning media products that have been revised and receive input from experts.

1) Validation
At this stage the Android-based learning support media that have been developed are validated by experts. Validation was carried out on material aspects and Android-based media. Material validation aims to see whether the material contained in the Android-based learning support media that has been designed is in accordance with basic competencies. The validator of this study involved 4 validators consisting of two media experts and two material experts. The criteria for determining validators are experts with a minimum master's degree in accordance with the scope under study.

2) Practicality test
The practicality of the media was tried out to see the level of use of the media. Learning media is said to have high practicality, it is practical, easy to use. At this stage the data was studied using a practicality questionnaire by teachers and students of class X TKJ at SMK Negeri 1 Sintuk Toboh Gadang. d. Disseminate Disseminate is implementing learning media in the teaching and learning process in operating system subjects. This disseminate aims to get input, corrections, suggestions, assessments, to improve the final results of developing Android-based learning support media so that they are ready to be adopted by users. e. Subject The research subjects in the development of Android-based learning media on the subject of the operating system were class X students of Network Computer Engineering at SMK Negeri 1 Sintuk Toboh Gadang. f. Data The type of data in this research on the development of learning support media based on Android is primary data, meaning that data is directly obtained from the research subject, namely from media experts, learning content experts. The data referred to the results of qualitative research is called descriptive validity [9]. Teachers and students through a questionnaire given the results were analyzed using the Cohen Kappa analysis. g. Instrument To obtain the data needed in this study, data collection techniques were used in the form of observation, interviews, questionnaires.

1) Observation
The author's observations during the learning process.

2) Questionnaire
The questionnaire that uses in this study is a closed questionnaire, where the answer is already provided and the respondent is asked to provide information or answers to the statement items that are in accordance with the actual situation. Questionnaire in the form of an attitude scale was used, namely the Likert scale, which is widely used to measure attitudes, perceptions of a person or group of people towards certain phenomena. With Likert scale, the measured variables become variable indicators [10]. There are five alternative answers, namely very suitable, appropriate, inappropriate and unsuitable. The highest score is 5 with the alternative answer is very suitable, and the lowest score is on number 1 with the alternative answer is not suitable. a) Media and Materials Questionnaire The material expert instrument contains aspects related to learning media material which includes aspects of learning, material and content truth [11]. The media expert instrument contains points about aspects related to learning media. b) Teacher and Student Practicality Quistionnaire The media practicality questionnaire consists of sheets to measure the practicality of learning media for teachers and students. The results of this practicality were obtained in the form of responses and suggestions from teachers and students who provided assessments [11].
h. Data Analysis The data analysis used is descriptive data analysis technique. Namely by describing the validity and practicality of instructional media.

1) Validity Analysis
The validity analysis uses the Cohen Kappa analysis technique based on the validation sheet that has been filled in by the validator. Cohen Kappa analysis is used to measure agreement between two assessors, using a formula : . The criteria used to view the assessment categories can be seen in the Table. Sumber : Dimodifikasi dari Riduwan [13] RESULT AND DISCUSSION This study produces learning support media for Basic Operating Systems subjects. The development of this media is based on observations of the learning process of the Basic Operating System subject which aims to determine the problems and obstacles in learning, then needs analysis, including curriculum analysis and identification of material needed.

A. Development Process
This media was developed using the Four-D method which went through several stages, below: 1) Define Discovery stage to get an overview of conditions in the field. This stage analyzes the need for the process of making learning media. At this stage the following steps are : a) Observation The results of observations made at SMK Negeri 1 Sintuk Toboh Gadang found a problem that so far the learning process is teacher centered.The students are passive, only relying on teachers. b) Curriculum analysis Curriculum analysis refers to the syllabus of the Basic Operating Systems subject at SMK Negeri 1 Sintuk Toboh Gadang, so the learning media that will be produced does not deviate from the learning objectives.

2) Design
This stage is the design of the media in accordance with the design that has been made. The resulting opening page is as follows : The instructions page contains an explanation of the instructions for using learning media and the menus available in the application. On this page there is one button, namely the next button to continue to the main menu page. Main menu page there are five menus provided in the application, namely: Curriculum menu which contains competency standards and basic competencies for Operating System subjects. Material menu contains material related to basic operating system subjects. Furthermore, the dictionary menu contains a list of terms, the exercise menu to evaluate students who have studied subject in basic operating system applications, and the developer menu which contains the author's bio. Each menu on this page is added to the existing button design, then adds an ActionScript so that each menu can run to the target page. The curriculum page contains competency standards and basic competencies, as well as indicators for operating system subjects.
To simplify the design, the background used follows the instructions page and the main menu. There is only one button on this page that can be used to return to the main menu page. The material page contains material about operating system learning that is in accordance with curriculum analysis. Each material has a button that links to the intended material page. And in the submaterial presented in this media there is a video link regarding the related material. The videos presented on this page can only be accessed online. The dictionary page design contains difficult and foreign words or terms contained in the learning media with their meanings and arranged alphabetically. g) Exercise Page; On this page are also equipped with a manual test execution, and the start button. The start button functions when the user is ready then they can touch the button.  The results of the analysis of the agreement data is 0.828, it can be concluded that the material presented in the developed subject of the Basic Operating System is "Very Valid" with a good value so that this media can be used as a tool for the learning process.

Practicality Test a) Teacher Response
The average percentage of votes from both practitioners, among others: (1) the technical use of acquired 84% categorized as very practical, (2) Fill in the time earned 86% categorized as very practical, (3) the design obtained 84% categorized as very practical and obtained Overall average is 84.67% with very practical category. These results indicate that the media developed is "very practical" so that it makes it easier for teachers to help students learn and help students understand the concept of learning material. can be concluded that the media was included in the "Very Practical" category to be used as a learning medium.

CONCLUSION
The learning support media for the Basic Operating System is stated in the aspect of media design, the aspect of conformity of the material with the curriculum is stated as "valid". Thus, the learning support media for the Basic Operating System is suitable for use as a learning media. The practicality of the media in learning can be seen from the proper use of learning support media for the Basic Operating System as a whole. This can be seen from the practicality of instructional media based on practicality assessments by the teacher which are stated as "very practical" and based on student assessments also stated "very practical".