Effectiveness of Online Learning viewed from Students’ Online Interaction
Abstract
Online learning was expected to remain as effective as face-to-face learning. One of the important factors used to measure the effectiveness of learning is the online interaction of students with their peers, teachers, and learning content. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of online learning viewed from online interactions in SMK Negeri 3 Salatiga. This was descriptive quantitative research using questionnaires distributed to 306 students as a data collection technique. The results showed that online learning in SMK Negeri 3 was effective, viewed from the online interactions, namely the student-student interaction had an average score of 3.87 (high), students-teachers interaction had an average of 4.14 (high) and students-learning content interaction had an average of 3.89 (high). It is expected that the findings will become a consideration in order to design effective online learning based on the students’ online interaction. Besides, the teachers will understand more about their students and their development in learning process.
References
A. N. Bahasoan, Wulan Ayuandiani, Muhammad Mukhram, and Aswar Rahmat, “Effectiveness of Online Learning in Pandemic Covid-19,” Int. J. Sci. Technol. Manag., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 100–106, 2020, doi: 10.46729/ijstm.v1i2.30.
N. H. Adi, Y. W. Wahdi, I. P. Dewi, A. D. Samala, A. L. Lubis, and A. T. Devega, “The Effectiveness of Learning Media as a Supporter of Online Learning in Computer Networking Courses,” J. Inf. Technol. Educ. / J. Teknol. Inf. dan Pendidik., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 278–283, 2022.
I. P. Dewi, Y. Y. Meinastria, N. Jalinus, and R. Abdullah, “Development of Android-Based Learning Media on Workshop Working Lessons and Engineering Images,” J. Teknol. Inf. dan Pendidik., vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 158–164, 2021, doi: 10.24036/jtip.v14i2.463.
M. H. Cho and B. J. Kim, “Students’ self-regulation for interaction with others in online learning environments,” Internet High. Educ., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 69–75, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.iheduc.2012.11.001.
J. Borup and A. S. Evmenova, “The Effectiveness of Professional Development in Overcoming Obstacles to Effective Online Instruction in a College of Education,” Online Learn. J., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 1–20, 2019, doi: 10.24059/olj.v23i2.1468.
N. L. Davis, M. Gough, and L. L. Taylor, “Online teaching: advantages, obstacles and tools for getting it right,” J. Teach. Travel Tour., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 1–8, 2019, doi: 10.1080/15313220.2019.1612313.
D. R. Rizaldi and Z. Fatimah, “How the Distance Learning can be a Solution during the Covid-19 Pandemic,” Int. J. Asian Educ., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 117–124, 2020, doi: 10.46966/ijae.v1i3.42.
S. Marini and M. Milawati, “Distance Learning Innovation Strategy in Indonesia During the COVID-19 Pandemic,” 2020, vol. 488, no. Aisteel, pp. 416–421, doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.201124.085.
K. Swan, “Learning effectiveness online: what the research tells us,” Elem. Qual. OnlineEducation, Pract. Dir., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 13–47, 2003, doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2005.00519.x.
K. Mukhtar, K. Javed, M. Arooj, and A. Sethi, “Advantages, Limitations and Recommendations for online learning during COVID-19 pandemic era,” Pakistan J. Med. Sci., vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 27–31, 2020, doi: 10.12669/PJMS.36.COVID19-S4.2785.
F. Martin and D. U. Bolliger, “Engagement matters: Student perceptions on the importance of engagement strategies in the online learning environment,” Online Learn. J., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 205–222, 2018, doi: 10.24059/olj.v22i1.1092.
G. I. Butnaru, V. Niță, A. Anichiti, and G. Brînză, “The effectiveness of online education during covid 19 pandemic—a comparative analysis between the perceptions of academic students and high school students from romania,” 2021. doi: 10.3390/su13095311.
Hikmat, E. Hermawan, Aldim, and Irwandi, “Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 : Sebuah Survey Online,” Digit. Libr. UIN SUnan Gung Djati, Bandung, pp. 1–7, 2020, [Online]. Available: http://digilib.uinsgd.ac.id/30625/.
A. I. Wang and R. Tahir, “The effect of using Kahoot! for learning – A literature review,” Comput. Educ., vol. 149, no. January, p. 103818, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103818.
J. H. Prijanto and F. De Kock, “Peran Guru Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Keaktifan Siswa Dengan Menerapkan Metode Tanya Jawab Pada Pembelajaran Online,” Sch. J. Pendidik. dan Kebud., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 238–251, 2021.
I. M. Satyawan, W. Wahjoedi, and I. K. I. Swadesi, “The Effectiveness of Online Learning Through Undiksha E-Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic,” J. Educ. Technol., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 191–199, Jun. 2021, Accessed: Jan. 11, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JET/article/view/32364.
A. F. Zulfikar, A. Muhidin, Pranoto, W. Suparta, A. Trisetyarso, and B. S. C. H. K. Abbas, “The Effectiveness of Online Learning with Facilitation Method The Effectiveness of Online Learning with Facilitation Method,” Procedia Computer Science, 2019. https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S187705091931806X?token=649322022F18B318E2B067BA70966F04DD069697336691958D1B544DB2F87ACAE0BECDB6D8EF9CE75D33319341EB72C7&originRegion=eu-west-1&originCreation=20220111082812 (accessed Jan. 11, 2022).
J. T. Y Tsang, M. K. P So, A. C. Y Chong, B. S. Y Lam, and A. M. Y Chu, “Higher Education during the Pandemic: The Predictive Factors of Learning Effectiveness in COVID-19 Online Learning,” Educ. Sci., 2021, doi: 10.3390/educsci11080446.
W. Ali, “Online and Remote Learning in Higher Education Institutes: A Necessity in light of COVID-19 Pandemic,” High. Educ. Stud., vol. 10, no. 3, p. 16, 2020, doi: 10.5539/hes.v10n3p16.
J. B. Arbaugh and R. Benbunan-Fich, “The importance of participant interaction in online environments,” Decis. Support Syst., vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 853–865, 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.dss.2006.12.013.
M. D. Dixson, “Creating effective student engagement in online courses: What do students find engaging?,” J. Scholarsh. Teach. Learn., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1–13, 2010, [Online]. Available: http://ezproxy.deakin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eue&AN=52225431&site=eds-live&scope=site.
P. C. Abrami, R. M. Bernard, E. M. Bures, E. Borokhovski, and R. M. Tamim, “Interaction in distance education and online learning: Using evidence and theory to improve practice,” J. Comput. High. Educ., vol. 23, no. 2–3, pp. 82–103, 2011, doi: 10.1007/s12528-011-9043-x.
J. Banna, L. Meng-Fen Grace, M. Stewart, and M. K. Fialkowski, “Interaction matters: Strategies to promote engaged learning in an online introductory nutrition course,” J. Online Learn. Teach., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 249–261, 2015.
C. R. Edwards and P. N. Lane, “Facilitating student interaction: The role of flipgrid in blended language classrooms,” Call-Ej, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 26–39, 2021.
T. D. Nguyen, M. Cannata, and J. Miller, “Understanding student behavioral engagement: Importance of student interaction with peers and teachers,” J. Educ. Res., vol. 111, no. 2, pp. 163–174, 2018, doi: 10.1080/00220671.2016.1220359.
L. Revere and J. Kovach, “Online technologies for engaged learning: A meaningful synthesis for educators,” Q. Rev. Distance Educ., vol. 12, no. 2, p. 113, 2011.
A. Heryandi, “Engaging Student Participation for Improving Quality of Lecturing Process in Higher Education Institution,” J. Teknol. Inf. dan Pendidik., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 57–64, 2022, doi: 10.24036/tip.v15i1.
R. M. Bernard et al., “A meta-analysis of three types of interaction treatments in distance education,” Rev. Educ. Res., vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 1243–1289, 2009, doi: 10.3102/0034654309333844.
S. Hrastinski, “Inheritance of Body Eight and Rate of Gain in Japanese Quail,” Educause Quarterly, no. 4, pp. 51–55, 2008.
F. Yusup, “Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Penelitian Kuantitatif,” J. Tarb. J. Ilm. Kependidikan, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 17–23, 2018, doi: 10.18592/tarbiyah.v7i1.2100.
Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.