A Web Application for Classification and Detection of Tomato Leaf Diseases Using CNN and Yolo Models
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24036/jtip.v19i1.1073Keywords:
tomato leaf disease, CNN, YOLO, classification, web applicationAbstract
This study developed a web-based application for the classification and detection of tomato leaf diseases using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and You Only Look Once (YOLO) models. The research followed a Research and Development approach that consisted of requirement analysis, system design, implementation, model training, and testing. The CNN model was trained to classify tomato leaf images into specific disease categories, while the YOLO model was designed to detect and localize diseased areas in real time. Both models were integrated into a Flask-based web system to provide accessible and interactive functionality through standard web browsers. Testing results showed that the CNN model achieved an accuracy of 96.1%, effectively identifying disease types such as Early Blight and Bacterial Spot. The YOLO model reached a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 87.3% for real-time detection, successfully locating and labeling infected regions on tomato leaves. The integration of CNN and YOLO models demonstrated strong classification and detection performance, offering an efficient and scalable solution to support early disease diagnosis and digital transformation in precision agriculture.
References
A. P. Siregar et al., “The Trend of Agricultural Sector Resilience in Indonesia During 2008-2020,” J. Agric. Sci. - Sri Lanka, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 336–357, 2024, doi: 10.4038/jas.v19i2.10154.
D. Johan, M. S. Maarif, N. Zulbainarni, and B. Yulianto, “Agricultural Digitalization In Indonesia: Challenges And Opportunities For Sustainable Development,” Educ. Adm. Theory Pract., vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 640–648, 2024, doi: 10.53555/kuey.v30i7.6599.
“FAO’s Plant Production and Protection Division,” FAO’s Plant Prod. Prot. Div., 2022, doi: 10.4060/cc2447en.
J. B. Ristaino et al., “The persistent threat of emerging plant disease pandemics to global food security,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol. 118, no. 23, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: 10.1073/pnas.2022239118.
C. Nguyen, V. Sagan, M. Maimaitiyiming, M. Maimaitijiang, S. Bhadra, and M. T. Kwasniewski, “Early detection of plant viral disease using hyperspectral imaging and deep learning,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1–23, 2021, doi: 10.3390/s21030742.
S. U. Khan, A. Alsuhaibani, A. Alabduljabbar, F. Almarshad, Y. N. Altherwy, and T. Akram, A review on automated plant disease detection: motivation, limitations, challenges, and recent advancements for future research, vol. 37, no. 3. Springer International Publishing, 2025. doi: 10.1007/s44443-025-00040-3.
M. U. I. Tamim, S. A. Hamim, S. Malik, M. F. Mridha, and S. Mahmood, “InsightNet: A Deep Learning Framework for Enhanced Plant Disease Detection and Explainable Insights,” Plant Direct, vol. 9, no. 5, 2025, doi: 10.1002/pld3.70076.
F. O. Isinkaye, M. O. Olusanya, and P. K. Singh, “Deep learning and content-based filtering techniques for improving plant disease identification and treatment recommendations: A comprehensive review,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 9, p. e29583, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29583.
M. Xu, J. E. Park, J. Lee, J. Yang, and S. Yoon, “Plant disease recognition datasets in the age of deep learning: challenges and opportunities,” Front. Plant Sci., vol. 15, no. September, pp. 1–13, 2024, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1452551.
A. Y. Ashurov et al., “Enhancing plant disease detection through deep learning: a Depthwise CNN with squeeze and excitation integration and residual skip connections,” Front. Plant Sci., vol. 15, no. January, pp. 1–16, 2024, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1505857.
D. E. Dewi, P. N. A. Cahyani, and L. R. Megawati, Increasing Adoption of the Internet of Things in Indonesian Agriculture Based on a Review of Everett Rogers’ Diffusion Theory of Innovation, vol. 1, no. Un 2019. Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. doi: 10.2991/978-94-6463-144-9_29.
W. Wang and Y. Kang, “A Review of Computer Vision Technologies in Precision Agriculture,” vol. 0, pp. 35–40, 2025, doi: 10.54254/2753-8818/2025.CH22224.
A. Jafar, N. Bibi, R. A. Naqvi, A. Sadeghi-Niaraki, and D. Jeong, “Revolutionizing agriculture with artificial intelligence: plant disease detection methods, applications, and their limitations,” Front. Plant Sci., vol. 15, no. March, pp. 1–20, 2024, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1356260.
I. A. M. Dioses, P. N. Santiago, R. P. Pascual, R. Dellosa, J. L. Dioses, and J. B. A. Tababa, “Detection of Philippine Rice Plant Diseases: A ResNet50 CNN Approach,” 2024 IEEE 15th Control Syst. Grad. Res. Colloquium, ICSGRC 2024 - Conf. Proceeding, no. August, pp. 256–260, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ICSGRC62081.2024.10690946.
A. Tripathi, V. Gohokar, and R. Kute, “Comparative Analysis of YOLOv8 and YOLOv9 Models for Real-Time Plant Disease Detection in Hydroponics,” Eng. Technol. Appl. Sci. Res., vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 17269–17275, 2024, doi: 10.48084/etasr.8301.
S. V. Sinha and B. M. Patil, “INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING Comparative Analysis of CNN , EFFICIENTNET and RESNET for Grape Disease Prediction : A Deep Learning Approach,” 2024.
F. Zubair, M. Saleh, Y. Akbari, and S. Al Maadeed, “A Robust Ensemble Model for Plant Disease Detection Using Deep Learning Architectures,” AgriEngineering, vol. 7, no. 5, 2025, doi: 10.3390/agriengineering7050159.
M. A. A. Khandaker, Z. S. Raha, S. Islam, and T. Muhammad, “Explainable AI-Enhanced Deep Learning for Pumpkin Leaf Disease Detection: A Comparative Analysis of CNN Architectures,” 2024 27th Int. Conf. Comput. Inf. Technol. ICCIT 2024 - Proc., no. December, pp. 2428–2433, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ICCIT64611.2024.11021957.
A. Raj et al., “YOLO-ODD: an improved YOLOv8s model for onion foliar disease detection,” Front. Plant Sci., vol. 16, no. May, pp. 1–18, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1551794.
L. T. Ramos and A. D. Sappa, “A Decade of You Only Look Once (YOLO) for Object Detection,” pp. 1–39, 2025, [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18586
D. Sasmoko and E. Siswanto, “Systematic Literature Review on CNN and YOLO Algorithms for Detecting Plant Diseases in Precision Agriculture,” 2025.
Q. Yan, B. Yang, W. Wang, B. Wang, P. Chen, and J. Zhang, “Apple leaf diseases recognition based on an improved convolutional neural network,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 20, no. 12, pp. 1–14, 2020, doi: 10.3390/s20123535.
F. Rahman, A. Hadi, D. Novaliendry, and A. Dwinggo Samala, “A Web-Based SIBI Sign Language Translator Application with Speech-to-Text Feature Using CNN and MediaPipe,” J. Teknol. Inf. dan Pendidik., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 1033–1042, 2025, doi: 10.24036/jtip.v18i2.971.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.













.png)













